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Fetal Cells as a Possible Cause of Scleroderma

Overview of Fetal Cells
Research: Scleroderma
Research: Autoimmune

Overview of Fetal Cells and Scleroderma

Fetal cells as a cause of  scleroderma is a hot topic of research and discussion lately. And since the topic is filled with intriguing possibilities, cutting-edge science, and unanswered questions, there is likewise some inescapable controversy.
Much greater minds than mine have flung themselves into this topic, only to emerge somewhat dazed and confused and with more questions than when they started.
Are fetal (non-self) cells the answer to what causes scleroderma — or are they just another piece of the puzzle?  Here is an introduction to the topic, and then recommended reading, organized with care from basic (understandable!) articles down to the related background research materials.
FYI: Microchimerism refers to the presence of foreign cells in one's body or the harboring a small number of cells or DNA from a genetically different individual.

Research on Fetal Cells and Scleroderma

Increased incidence of pregnancy complications in women who later develop scleroderma: a case control study. This is the first study to show an association between hypertensive complications during pregnancy or IUGR and the development of systemic sclerosis (SSc) at a later age. We speculate that the pregnancy abnormalities may have resulted in increased fetomaternal trafficking, which may have played a role in the increased incidence of SSc. Arthritis Research & Therapy 2011, 13:R183. (Also see: Pregnancy and Scleroderma)
Separate influences of birth order and gravidity/parity on the development of systemic sclerosis. Birth order and pregnancy were independently associated with a higher risk of developing SSc. These findings suggest that immune development in early childhood and/or pregnancy-associated events, including but not limited to microchimerism, plays a role in SSc susceptibility. Cockrill T. (PubMed) Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken), 2010 Mar;62(3):418-24.
Immunophenotyping of chimeric cells in localized scleroderma. Not only are chimeric cells present in affected localized scleroderma lesions but they also are more likely to be dendritic cells and B lymphocytes suggesting a role in the pathogenesis of localized scleroderma. McNallan KT. PubMed, Rheumatology (Oxford). 2007 Mar;46(3):398-402. (Also see: Causes of Morphea)

Fetal Cells and Other Autoimmune Diseases

Fetal Attraction. Fetal cells seem to help out with bad livers, but show up at arthritis and rheumatism sites and look like they might be on the attack. There are hints that cells can go both ways, helpful, then hurtful. NPR. 07/12/12.
 
Go to Causes of Scleroderma: Fibroblasts
 

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