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| Overview | |||||||
| Cytokines are small secreted proteins which mediate and regulate immunity, inflammation, and hematopoiesis. Cytokines can cause inflammation associated with a variety of autoimmune diseases. | |||||||
| The Immunobiology of Systemic Sclerosis. The SSc hallmarks of vascular damage, immunologic activation, and collagen deposition can be traced to 4 major factors: T-cells, fibroblasts, B-cells, and cytokines/chemokines. Significant variations in laboratory data among patients suggest that the pathology reflects a heterogeneous disease. (Science Direct) Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism. 02/13/08. (Also see: Causes of Scleroderma, B and T cells, and Fibroblasts) | |||||||
| Cytokines and Interleukins | |||||||
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| Cytokines and Scleroderma | |||||||
| The IL-1-like cytokine IL-33 and its receptor ST2 are abnormally expressed in the affected skin and visceral organs of patients with systemic sclerosis. IL-33 and ST2 are abnormally expressed in SSc. In early SSc, upon endothelial cell (EC) activation/damage, IL-33 may be mobilised from ECs to signal through ST2 in key pro-fibrotic players, such as inflammatory/immune cells and fibroblasts/myofibroblasts. Mirko Manetti Ann Rheum Dis. 23 September 2009. | |||||||
| Elevation of Serum Lymphotactin Levels in Patients with Systemic Sclerosis (SSc). Elevated serum lymphotactin levels correlate with relatively milder manifestations in diffuse SSc (dSSc), especially lower severity of lung involvement, suggesting that lymphotactin may play a role in the development of dSSc. Journal of Rheumatology. March 1, 2008. | |||||||
| Cytokine Levels In Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid (Balf) In Patients With Systemic Sclerosis (SSc). In comparison to other diseases, SSc patients present a specific cytokine pattern in BALF. The detection of high MCP-1 levels in patients with fibrosis and in patients with decreased DLCO after one year of treatment suggests a key function of this cytokine as potential therapeutic target in SSc lung involvement. G. Riemekasten THU0318 EULAR 2007. (Also see: Pulmonary Involvement) | |||||||
| Cytokine Treatments and Scleroderma | |||||||
| Pamidronate infusion in patients with systemic sclerosis results in changes in blood mononuclear cell cytokine profiles. The effects of pamidronate on modulation of cytokine profiles in patients with SSc may merit future study. PubMed. Clin Exp Immunol. 2006 Dec;146(3):371-80. (Also see: Scleroderma Treatments) | |||||||
| Cytokines and Sleep | |||||||
| Shift of Monocyte Function Toward Cellular Immunity During Sleep . Improving sleep could represent a therapeutic option to enhance the success of vaccinations and success in the treatment of diseases that are characterized by type 2 cytokine overactivity. Arch Intern Med. 2006;166:1695-1700. (Also see: Sleep and Autoimmunity) |
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